Supreme Court says New Hampshire student IDs can't be used to vote in November - NBC News
Fuente: NBC News
The U.S. Supreme Court ruled Thursday that student IDs cannot be used as a form of identification for voters in New Hampshire during the November midterm elections. The Court granted an emergency request filed by the state, which was supported by the Republican National Committee. The decision is considered a win for Republicans, who had challenged a lower court ruling that would have allowed student IDs to serve as supplementary identification at the polls.
At the center of the dispute is a New Hampshire state law passed in April that removed student IDs from the list of acceptable forms of identification for requesting a ballot. A nonprofit organization called the Coalition for Open Democracy challenged the law, arguing that it unfairly burdened young voters and violated their right to vote. U.S. District Judge Joseph Laplante initially declined to block the law but later intervened to limit how broadly election officials could restrict student ID use.
Specifically, Judge Laplante put on hold guidance issued by Republican Secretary of State David Scanlan, which stated that student IDs could not be used for any purpose when voters sought ballots. Laplante found that Scanlan's guidance went further than the law itself, which only prohibited student IDs as a primary source of identification. A separate provision of state law still permitted unofficial forms of ID if they reasonably established a person's identity.
The Supreme Court's brief, unsigned order stated that a federal judge should not alter voting rules so close to an election, citing established legal precedent. It noted that the district court had failed to identify any justification for departing from that principle. Liberal Justice Ketanji Brown Jackson was the only dissenter, arguing she would not block a justifiable federal court order aimed at ensuring the public received accurate information about state electoral processes.
The ruling carries significant political weight because New Hampshire's Senate race is closely contested. Republican former Senator John E. Sununu faces Democratic Representative Chris Pappas for the seat being vacated by retiring Democratic Senator Jeanne Shaheen. Control of the Senate could hinge on the outcome of this race, making the question of voter eligibility and identification requirements especially consequential in the state's November election.
Traducción al japonés
米連邦最高裁判所は木曜日、ニューハンプシャー州の11月中間選挙において、学生証を有権者の本人確認書類として使用できないとの判断を下した。最高裁は同州が提出した緊急申請を認め、この決定は共和党全国委員会の支持を受けていた。下級裁判所が学生証を補助的な身分証明として認める判決を下していたため、今回の決定は共和党にとっての勝利とみなされている。
今回の争点の中心となったのは、4月に成立したニューハンプシャー州法で、投票用紙請求の際に使用できる身分証明書のリストから学生証が除外された。「民主主義のための連合」という非営利団体がこの法律に異議を申し立て、若い有権者への不当な負担や投票権の侵害にあたると主張した。連邦地方裁判所のジョセフ・ラプランテ判事は当初この法律の差し止めを拒否したが、後に学生証の使用制限の範囲について介入した。
具体的には、ラプランテ判事は共和党員のデイビッド・スキャンラン州務長官が発行したガイダンスを一時停止とした。そのガイダンスは、有権者が投票用紙を求める際、学生証をいかなる目的にも使用できないと定めていた。判事はこのガイダンスが法律そのものよりも踏み込んでおり、州法が禁止しているのはあくまで学生証を主たる身分証明書とする場合のみだと判断した。
最高裁の簡潔な無署名命令は、選挙直前に連邦判事が投票規則を変更すべきではないとし、確立された法的先例を引用した。地方裁判所はこの原則からの逸脱を正当化する根拠を示していなかったとも指摘した。リベラル派のケタンジ・ブラウン・ジャクソン判事だけが反対意見を述べ、州の選挙プロセスに関する正確な情報を国民に提供するための連邦裁判所命令を妨げるべきではないと主張した。
この判決は政治的に大きな意味を持つ。ニューハンプシャー州の上院議員選挙は接戦が予想されているからだ。引退する民主党のジーン・シャハーン上院議員の議席をめぐり、共和党のジョン・E・スヌーヌ元上院議員と民主党のクリス・パパス下院議員が争っている。上院の多数派支配がこの選挙結果に左右される可能性があり、有権者の資格や本人確認要件は特に重大な問題となっている。
Vocabulario clave
- grant an emergency requestphrase
To officially approve an urgent legal application, often made outside the normal schedule of court proceedings.
和訳: 緊急申請を認める
The appeals court decided to grant an emergency request to delay the enforcement of the new regulation until a full hearing could be held.
- precedentnoun
A prior legal decision or ruling that serves as a model or rule for future similar cases.
和訳: 先例・判例
The judge cited a 2008 ruling as precedent for dismissing the plaintiff's claim without a full trial.
- dissenternoun
A judge or official who formally disagrees with the majority decision and expresses a contrary opinion.
和訳: 反対意見を述べる者・異議申立人
The sole dissenter on the panel wrote a passionate opinion arguing that the majority had misread the constitution.
- supplementverb
To add to something in order to make it more complete or to compensate for a deficiency.
和訳: 補完する・補う
Voters who lacked a driver's license were allowed to supplement their application with a utility bill as proof of address.
- interveneverb
To become involved in a situation, especially a legal dispute, in order to influence or change its outcome.
和訳: 介入する・仲裁する
The federal government chose to intervene in the case, arguing that the state law conflicted with federal civil rights statutes.
- burden the right to votephrase
To place unnecessary obstacles or hardships on citizens exercising their legal right to participate in elections.
和訳: 投票権を不当に制約する
Critics argued that requiring multiple forms of ID would burden the right to vote for low-income and elderly citizens.
- put on holdidiom
To temporarily suspend or delay the implementation of something, such as a ruling or policy.
和訳: 一時停止する・保留にする
The court put the new immigration policy on hold while it reviewed whether it was constitutionally sound.
- vacate (a seat)verb
To formally leave or give up an official position, making it available for someone else to fill.
和訳: (議席を)空ける・退く
When the long-serving senator announced she would vacate her seat, both parties began preparing for a competitive race.














